Law, economics, social sciences

This book is a collection of three essays contributing to the empirical literature on inequality and female labor force participation in developing countries. The first essay is an extension to the analysis of benefit incidence of public expenditures. Using data for Kenya it shows how different household needs for government services ought to be incorporated into the analysis to get an improved understanding of the distributional implications of public spending. The second essay revisits the hypothesis that female labor force...

Nowadays it is vital for companies to offer their products all over the world in order to be successful. The economic rise of emerging markets such as China, India or the Middle East increases the importance of those new customer segments, as their contribution towards the companies profits continuously grow. To further exploit the potential of emerging markets, it is important to understand how to acquire and retain those culturally different customers. Existing but scarce academic literature in Variety Seeking...

The lack of improved water and sanitary infrastructure still kills many people in developing countries each year. This book gives useful insights into how development projects have an impact in practice and why there is a possibility that projects fail to have positive outcomes. In this book, the national water and sanitation program in rural Benin is analyzed. A difference-in-difference analysis is combined with a phasing-in approach to a sample of 200 villages in the departments of Mono, Couffo and...

Parents are responsible for the upbringing of their children according to the Basic Law. In this role, parents act every day in many situations as representatives of their underage offspring. They decide, among other things, about attending a childcare facility, choosing a school, drug treatments and feeding the child. Ultimately, however, it is the child who bears the short- and long-term consequences of their parents' decision-making processes. This book therefore focuses on the parental decision-making process with its various components...

For families in poor countries, risk and shocks such as storms and floods, illness and accidents, unemployment and civil conflict are often part of everyday life. This book provides comprehensive empirical evidence of risk management strategies in developing countries and how they impact on the lives of the poor. Possible strategies include (i) reducing risk factors, (ii) mitigating the impact of risks through formal insurance and insurance substitutes, and (iii) seeking support to better cope with negative shocks. The chapters...

Central banks have an important position in national economies because they influence fundamental economic parameters such as price levels, interest rates and exchange rates with monetary policy decisions. Due to the outstanding position of the central banks and the developments in the course of the financial crisis since 2007, the question arises to what extent monetary policy interventions can create stability and reduce the extent of crises. The present work offers an answer based on a macroeconomic portfolio model, in...

Scientific phenomena are part of children's everyday lives. Since PISA, scientific education has become increasingly important, even in elementary school. At the University of Flensburg, the advanced training concept "Experiment makes you smart" was developed with the aim of further training elementary teachers in the field of natural sciences and technology in order to be able to competently accompany research-based experimentation in day-care centers. This study, as an accepted dissertation at the University of Flensburg, investigates the extent to which...

With this book you will get to know the E-Bilanz in connection with the SAP software. Strictly speaking, the e-balance sheet is an attachment to the tax return. Tax valuations in the form of balance sheet and income statement data are to be transmitted electronically to the tax authorities. This book is your guide when it comes to issues such as legally required taxonomy, SAP general ledger accounting (classic or new) or e-balance sheet software (SAP standard versus possible add-on...

The Foundation of the Hessian Lawyers' Association has given its student essay competition an unusual title this time. Biometrics is certainly not a topic that young lawyers deal with intensively during their training. Nevertheless, or precisely because of this, this topic had its very special charm. The contributions submitted to the foundation were approved by Prof. Dr. Viola Schmid, LL.M. (Harvard) by the department of public law (focus on cyberlaw) at the Technical University of Darmstadt. On her recommendation, two...

This thesis was written in 2008 after six months of field work and data collection in South Africa. It includes a comprehensive literature review on the theory and empirics of the behavioral response to HIV looking at: (1) the relationship between HIV incidence and sexual behaviors; (2) types of evidence resulting from observational studies, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), recent creative social experiments that go beyond conventional RCTs in testing different hypothesis in the field; (3) the socio-economic characteristics of HIV...

The World Bank put the concept of vulnerability in the spotlight of poverty research by presenting it in the World Development Report 2000/01 as an important component of combating poverty. The reason for assigning such a prominent position to vulnerability is threefold: It decreases current well-being, it determines future levels of poverty and it may be at the root of long-term hardship. Building on panel data from rural households in Thailand and Vietnam this book contributes to our knowledge and...

The past decade has seen the emergence of a particular sales and distribution model in which companies that manufacture products and sell them directly through proprietary distribution channels open these channels to third parties and often even to competitor products. One of the industries to pioneer this model has been financial services, where the approach is referred to as an “open architecture” offering. The author's research investigates if and how customer reactions are affected when a company sells third-party products...